(1) a用在子音前; an用在母音前。
An hour
(2) 表同种类的全体, 此时a带有any的意味。
A dog is a faithful animal. (=Dogs are faithful animals.)
(3) 等于one。
I have a sister and two brothers.
(4) 等于the same.
Birds of a feather flock together.
(5) 等于per每一......。
We work eight hours a day. Ninety miles an hour.
(6) a = a certain, 表说话者不认识此人。
Do you know a Mr. Smith?
(7) 物质名词或抽象名词加a (an)即成普通名词,
Asparagus is a grass. (a = a kind of).
This is a good cloth for summer.
(8) have (or take) a 抽象名词,与抽象名词的动词形同义。
Let us take am. = Let usm.
2. 定冠词的用法
(1) 由于上下文的关系, 某名词所指的东西已非常明显, 或已有一定的范围, 该名词应加the。
Shut the door.
Please pass me the caster.
(2) 表该名词的总称。
The cow is a useful animal. (= Cows are useful animals.)
(3) 前面已提过的名词,再度提到时前面加the。
Once upon a time there was a little boy who lived in a cottage.
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