贰
见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。——《论语·里仁》
含义:看见有德行或才干的人就要想着向他学习,看见没有德行的人,自己的内心就要反省是否有和他一样的错误。
英译:When we meet with men of worth, we should think how we may equal them. When we meet with worthless men, we should turn into ourselves and find out if we do not resemble them.
解析:
这句话是许多人修身养性的座右铭。“见贤思齐”和“见不贤而内自省”是说榜样的力量,同时也强调了自我约束和反省。
译文中将“贤”和“不贤”分别译作“men of worth”和“worthless men”,而“思齐”和“内自省”则是“think how we may equal them”和“turn into ourselves”。同时,辜鸿铭在“内自省”后增译了find out if we do not resemble them,方便读者理解原文。
叁
志士仁人,无求生以害仁,有杀身以成仁。——《论语·卫灵公》
含义:志士仁人,没有为了求生而损害仁的,只有牺牲自身来成全仁的。
英译:A gentleman of spirit or a man of moral character will never try to save his life at the expense of his moral character: he prefers to sacrfice his life in order to save his moral character.
解析:
这句话也是成语“杀身成仁”的出处。“仁”是孔子心目中最高、最根本的理想和准则。在他眼中,志士仁人不会损害仁德而贪生怕死,反而会舍生忘死以求仁义。
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