这句话的主干是:the editors of South Africa's major newspapers express deep concern.In a strongly-worded declaration是状语。
that would allow ... and would make it...是定语从句,修饰legislation。
3.The ANC says new legislation is needed to make journalists legally accountable for inaccurate reporting.
accountable for对...应付责任
例句:Each government worker is accountable for his own work.
每一个政府工作人员都应对自己的工作负责。
I am not accountable to you for my work.
我没有义务要对你说明我的工作情况。
4.Those were partly aimed at deterring any aggressive action from North Korea, following the sinking of a South Korean warship for which the North has been blamed.
deter from阻止某人做某事
following the sinking of是现在分词短语作状语。for which the North has been blamed是定语从句,修饰的是the sinking of a South Korean warship。