引导这些从句的词主要有三类:
1. 从属连词:that ,whether ,if
2. 连接代词:who, whom, whose, what, which
3. 连接副词:when, where, why, how
从属连词只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词除可起连接作用外,还充当句中的某一成分。
Ⅰ、主语从句
e.g. That the sea covers about three-fourths of the earths surface is well known.
e.g. Which design is more practical is still a question.
按照英语习惯,有些句子可用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将主语从句放在后面,使句子更为平衡。如上面的句子可改为:
e.g. It is well known that the sea covers about three-fourths of the earths surface.
e.g. It is still a question which design is more practical.
小结:
主语从句通常位于主语的位置上, 但是有时也可能出现在句子的末尾部分. 当句子的主语是从句结构时, 谓语部分应该使用单数的形式.
Ⅱ、宾语从句
宾语从句可以作动词或介词的宾语。
e.g. They tell me the math course is difficult.
e.g. I wonder whether the refrigerator is large enough.
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