Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy contractions of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.

　　To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.

　　Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.

　　11 Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?

　　A They are students at Sussex University.

　　B They are rice breeders.

　　C They are husband and wife.

　　D They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.

　　12 Flowers and Yeo have started a programme

　　A to find ways to prevent water pollution

　　B to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil

　　C to breed rice plants that taste salty

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