阅读中的逻辑题型分为两种:
1、支持(support 题)
这类考题的特征在段落中给出一个推理或论证,但或者由于前提的条件不够充分,不足以推出其结论;或者由于论证的论据不够全面,不足以得出其结论,因此需用某一选项去补充其前提或论据,使推理或论证成立的可能性增大。但由于答案不需要充分性,所以只要某一选项放在段落推理的论据或结论之间,对段落推理成立或结论有支持作用,使段落推理成立、结论正确的可能性增大,那么这个选项就是支持的正确答案。
2、反对(weaken题)
反对题型的解题思路与支持题型的解题思路基本一样,只不过是其答案对段落推理的作用刚好相反。
下面我们举一些例子来说明:
It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, and winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east. These winds tend to create a feedback mechanism by driving the warmer surface water into a pile that blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further warms the eastern water, thus strengthening the wind still more. The contribution of the model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the east, simultaneously send a signal to the west lowering sea level. According to the model, that signal is generated as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of depressed, or negative, sea level, that moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day. Taking months to traverse the Pacific, Rossby waves march to the western boundary of the Pacific basin, which is modeled as a smooth wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains, such as the Philippines and Indonesia.
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