explain the abstract philosophy of the Nahuatl thinkers
argue against a theory of poetic expression by citing evidence about the Nahuatl
explore the rich metaphorical heritage the Nahuatl received from the Toltecs
describe some conceptual and aesthetic resources of the Nahuatl language
18. According to the passage, some abstract universal ideas can be expressed in Nahuatl by
taking away from a word any reference to particular instances
removing a word from its associations with other words
giving a word a new and opposite meaning
putting various meaningful elements together in one word
turning each word of a phrase into a poetic metaphor
19. It can be inferred solely from the information in the passage that
there are many languages that, like Greek or German, allow extensive compounding
all abstract universal ideas are ideas of complex relations
some record or evidence of the thought of the tlamatinime exists
metaphors are always used in Nahuatl to express abstract conceptual relationships
the abstract terms of the Nahuatl language are habitually used in poetry
Many theories have been formulated to explain the role of grazers such as zooplankton in controlling the amount of planktonic algae in lakes. The first theories of such grazer control were merely based on observations of negative correlations between algal and zooplankton numbers. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae. The converse observation, of the absence of grazers in areas of high phytoplankton concentration, led Hardy to propose his principle of animal exclusion, which hypothesized that phytoplankton produced a repellent that excluded grazers from regions of high phytoplankton concentration. This was the first suggestion of algal defenses against grazing.
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