6.This preference for exogamy,Gutman suggests, may have derivedfrom West African rules governing marriage,which,though they differedfrom one tribal group to another,all involved some kind of prohibitionagainst unions with close kin.
古特曼表示,这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定,尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同,但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻的禁止。
7.His thesis works relatively well when applied to discriminationagainst Blacks in the United States,but his definition of racialprejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a groupgenerally accepted as a race in any given region of ethniccompetition, can be interpreted as also including hostility towardsuch ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews inmedieval Europe.
该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时,相对而言尚能适用,但他对种族偏见所下的定义即以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见,而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。
8.In large part as a consequence of the feministmovement,historians have focused a great deal of attention in recentyears on determining more accurately the status of women in variousperiods.
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