105. The idea of an autonomous discipline called philosophy, distinct from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology and science turns out,on close examination,to be of quite recent origin.
细作审视,我们便不难发现,一种被称为 哲学 的独立学科 既有别于神学和科学诸般学科,并高高在上地对其予以评判 的思想,其渊源却是甚为近期的事。
注:sit in judgment on :审视,做出判断;pursuit:不是追求,而是指被从事的事业=occupation, career, interest, etc. turn out:被证明是,实际是
106. They were fighting, albeit discreetly, to open the intellectual world to the new science and to liberate intellectual life from ecclesiastical philosophy and envisioned their work as contributing to the growth, not of philosophy, but of research in mathematics and physics.他们战斗着,尽管是谨慎的,来为学术界打开新科学的大门,而且去把学术生活从宗教哲学中解脱出来,而且他们把自己的工作看成是对科学和物理学而不是对哲学成长做出了贡献。
107. But the recent discovery of detailed similarities in the skeletal structure of the flippers in all three groups undermines the attempt to explain away superficial resemblance as due to convergent evolution the independent development of similarities between unrelated groups in response to similar environmental pressures.
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