3. The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines.

　　理解一个社会特征的最好的方法就是研究那个社会所认为的伟大人物

　　4.The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten.

　　对历史的研究把太多的重点放在对某些个人上。而历史上一些重大的事件和发展趋势不是由个别名人决定的，而可能是由那些已经被人们淡忘的人制造的

　　5Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any societys past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served.

　　很多人认为建筑代表了一个社会过去的历史价值，但是当现代城市的规划者想要利用老建筑占用的地盘做新的规划时，就会引起很多争辩。在这样的情况下，现代的发展应该优先被考虑，以使当代的需要得到满足。

　　6History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.

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