The above comparison between the modern society and the traditional society vividly indicates that the formal education can never, if any, play as an important role in perpetuating values and culture as the author believes. But how does a culture find its way to survive and spread? Historical, sociological and psychological study have long revealed that only through interactive communication between social members can people identify themselves with some social norms, traditions and cultures. People are disposed to conform to certain culture only when they observe other social members conform to it.
Therefore, in the traditional society, although the formal education was very backward,people were confined within a narrow area and they shaped their values and norms primarily through imitating the behaviors of their seniors and interaction between members in the same community. This traditional manner of socialization of individuals, obviously, conduces to the preservation and transition of ideas and values that a society favors. This is why traditional society was more efficient in perpetuating its favored culture.
The modern society heavily depends on the formal education to accumulate and create knowledge of modern science and technology, which are redeemed as the origins of social progress. However, too much emphasis on the formal education, in the sense,can even impose some negative effects on instilling ideas and values that a culture highlights into the social members. According to the analysis above, the values that children are most likely to accept are always those that can be often observed in their parents, teachers or other celebrities by children. But, the first-rate problem with the formal education is that students find no way to authenticate what teachers teach to them. Sometimes, students are even confused by the inconsistency of what teachers teach with the social reality. This determines that the formal education is destined to be of low efficiency in imbuing students with ideas and values that the society favors.
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