International business
Fds philosophy was one of economic independence for the United States. His River Rouge Plant became the worlds largest industrial complex, pursuing vertical integration to such an extent that it could produce its own steel. Fords goal was to produce a vehicle from scratch without reliance on foreign trade. He believed in the global expansion of his company. He believed that international trade and cooperation led to international peace, and he used the assembly line process and production of the Model T to demonstrate it.
Edsel Ford, Charles Lindbergh, and Henry Ford pose in the Ford hangar during Lindberghs August 1927 visit.
He opened Ford assembly plants in Britain and Canada in 1911, and soon became the biggest automotive producer in those countries. In 1912, Ford cooperated with Giovanni Agnelli of Fiat to launch the first Italian automotive assembly plants. The first plants in Germany were built in the 1920s with the encouragement of Herbert Hoover and the Commerce Department, which agreed with Fords theory that international trade was essential to world peace. In the 1920s, Ford also opened plants in Australia, India, and France, and by 1929, he had successful dealerships on six continents. Ford experimented with a commercial rubber plantation in the Amazon jungle called Fordl it was one of his few failures. In 1929, Ford acceptedJoseph Stalins invitation to build a model plant at Gorky, a city now known under its historical nameNizhny Novgorod. He sent American engineers and technicians to the Soviet Union to help set it up, including future labor leader Walter Reuther.
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