Bacons philosophy emphasized the belief that people are the servants and interpreters of nature, that truth is not derived from authority, and that knowledge is the fruit of experience. Bacon is generally credited with having contributed to logic the method known as ampliative inference, a technique of inductive reasoning. Previous logicians had practiced induction by simple enumeration, that is, drawing general conclusions from particular data. Bacons method was to infer by use of analogy, from the characteristics or properties of the larger group to which that datum belonged, leaving to later experience the correction of evident errors. Because it addedsignificantly to the improvement of scientific hypotheses, this method was a fundamental advancement of the scientific method.
Bacons Novum Organum successfully influenced the acceptance of accurate observation and experimentation in science. In it he maintained that all prejudices and preconceived attitudes, which he called idols, must be abandoned, whether they be the common property of the race due to common modes of thought , or the peculiar possession of the individual ; whether they arise from too great a dependence on language , or from tradition . The principles laid down in the Novum Organum had an important influence on the subsequent development of empiricist thought.
Key words: philosopher statesman
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