In 1771 Goethe returned to Frankfurt, nominally to practice law, but he was soon deep in work on what was to be his first dramatic success, Gtz von Berlichingen. While this was actually the story of a robber baron of the 16th century it really represented Goethes youthful protest against the established order and his demand for intellectual freedom. Its success made its hitherto unknown author the literary leader of Germany.
Goethes invitation in 1775 to the court of Duke Karl August at Weimar was a turning point in the literary life of Germany. He became manager of the Court Theater, and interested himself in various other activities, so that for a period of some ten years not much actual writing was done.
The writing of Faust, however, that best known of Goethes works, extended over practically the whole of Goethes literary life, a period of 57 years.
It was finally finished when Goethe was 81. Faust is in reality a dramatic poem rather than a piece for the stage. While based on the same legend as Marlowes Dr. Faustus, it far transcends both its legendary source and the English play. The latter is little more than a Morality illustrating the punishment of sin; Goethes work is a drama of redemption.
Others of Goethes works which have stood the test of time include: Clavigo, Egmont, Stella, Iphigenia in Tauris and Torquato Tasso.
约翰沃尔夫冈冯歌德是18世纪中叶到19世纪初德国和欧洲最重要的剧作家、诗人、思想家。歌德除了诗歌、戏剧、小说之外,在文艺理论、哲学、历史学、造型设计等方面,都取得了卓越的成就。2005年11月28日,德国电视二台投票评选最伟大的德国人,结果歌德名列第7位。
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