In November 1902, Ira Tarbell, one of the leading muckraking journalists in the United States, began a series of articles in McClure s Magazine on how Rockefeller had achieved a monopoly in refining, transporting and marketing oil. This material was eventually published as a book, History of the Standard Oil Company . Rockefeller responded to these attacks by describing Tarbell as Miss Tarbarrel .
President Theodore Roosevelt, who had been elected on a program that included reducing the power of large corporations, attempted to use the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to deal with Rockefeller s monopoly of the oil industry. This was largely ineffective and it was not until 1911 that the Supreme Court dissolved the Standard Oil monopoly.
The various press campaigns against Rockefeller had turned him into one of America s most hated men. A devout Baptist, Rockefeller began giving his money away. He set up the Rockefeller Foundation to promote the well-being of mankind . Over the next few years Rockefeller gave over $500 million in aid of medical research, universities, and Baptist churches. He was also a major supplier of funds to organizations such as the Anti-Saloon League that was involved in the campaign for prohibition. By the time that he died died on 23rd My, 1937, John Davidson Rockefeller had become a popular national figure.
约翰 洛克菲勒运用自己的胆识和智慧创造了一个商业奇迹,然而,标准石油公司的历史也是跟美国反垄断立法的历史结合在一起的。洛克菲勒后来对慈善事业的奉献也应该予以重视。希望以上的介绍可以对各位考生有所帮助。
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