But the Rwandan government defended the system, saying this kind of community justice helped reconciliation. To aid that process, a 2008 law also reduced sentences for convicts who showed remorse and apologized for their crimes.
Genocide Survivors Association secretary Naphtal Ahishakiye calls this something that was very important to the survivors.
As survivors, we benefited from the Gacaca many things. One is the truth, he says. Because, during Gacaca, we knew what happened to our family members.
After 10 years of operations, the Gacaca courts were closed in 2012, at which point the Rwandan government claims to have tried close to two million suspects 65 percent of whom were convicted.
To try the leaders of the genocide, the United Nations in 1994 set up the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda , based in Arusha, Tanzania.
The court has convicted 49 people of war crimes, crimes against humanity or genocide, including former Prime Minister Jean Kambanda, who received a sentence of life in prison.
But survivors groups werent pleased with all ICTR decisions: Ahishakiye says the acquittal of two generals ignored critical testimony.
As survivors, we have information on the part these people played in the genocide, he says. Its the reason why [the court] ignored some facts.
New York-based Human Rights Watch has criticized the Arusha court for being unwilling to prosecute any members of RPF, Rwandas ruling party. The ICTR is due to close down at the end of the year.
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