A. A lack of mates
B. A fierce competition
C. A lower survival rate
D. A defective gene
此题是考研历史上一道典型的难题。信息出处来源于文章第一自然段:
Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. (以下省略)
该题有很强的迷惑性。如果考生不了解考研文章的说话规律以及考研试题的命题规律,很容易陷入到题目选项编织的陷阱罗网中去。
【错误思路】 这段话意思很晦涩,主要是在从人类不同性别的婴儿的存活率为切入点来谈进化论的知识。这些背景知识和考生惯常把握的进化论的普通知识是有一定的出入的。对于该段,很多考生在考场上也只看了个大概的意思。而且该段还与此文章后面段落的意思没有多大的关系。这给那些寄希望于将全文看完后再转回来根据全文的大意猜测第一段意思的考生带来了很大的障碍。限于词汇以及进化论专业背景知识的约束,很多考生对于第一段后半段的意思看得比前半段要懂。据此,考生开始着眼于后半段来解答第一题,这正好坠入了命题陷阱。
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