抗体是一种能够锁定特异化学标靶的免疫系统蛋白。不同类型的抗体针对不同的特定性标靶,可以通过培养那些为实现特定功能而出现且具有相同基因的细胞获取,换句话说就是采用细胞克隆的方法。
Ipilimumab locks onto and thus blocks the action of a protein, CTLA-4, which sits on theouter membranes of immune-system cells called T-lymphocytes.
易普利姆玛锁定并抑制CTLA-4的活动,这种蛋白位于T淋巴细胞的细胞膜外层。
These lymphocytes exist to kill body cells that pose a threat, such as cells infected byviruses, and also cancer cells.
这些T淋巴细胞杀死构成威胁的身体细胞,比如被病毒感染的细胞或者癌细胞等。
CTLA-4 s role is to calm lymphocytes down and stop them proliferating.
CTLA-4的作用是让淋巴细胞冷静下来,阻止它们增殖。
That is a good thing when there is no threat around.
这在人体未受威胁时是件好事,但是有些癌细胞非常善于躲避免疫系统。
But some cancer cells are skilled at hiding from the immune system, so a drug that switchesCTLA-4 off can unleash lymphocytes in circumstances when they are needed but otherwiseunavailable.
在需要淋巴细胞活动却无法激活的情况下,一种关闭CTLA-4功能的药物可以解放更多的淋巴细胞。
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