To that end, more than 1,500 experts have spent over a decade labouring.
为了这个目标,1500多名专家耗费了多年劳动。
In doing so, though, they have succeeded in adding to, rather than subtracting from, criticismthat the DSM has become a monster.
然而这些辛劳让他们顺利地在DSM中增加了标准,而非减少,这使DSM成为了一个庞然大物。
In the eyes of many critics it is a vehicle for misdiagnosis, overdiagnosis, the medicalisationof normal behaviour and the prescription of a large number of unnecessary drugs.
在许多批评家眼中,DSM是误诊,过度诊断,正常行为医疗化以及开出大量不必要药物处方的罪魁祸首。
Chapter and verse
引经据典
The DSM, the first version of which was published in 1952, has always attractedcontroversy.
DSM自1952年第一版出版起便一直引发争论。
That version, and the second edition, published in 1968, relied on the premise that mentalillness was a neurotic response to a patient s experience and environment.
第一版及1968年出版的第二版有赖于精神疾病是对病人的经历及环境的神经质反应这一前提。
People with the same symptoms could therefore receive wildly different diagnoses.
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