但是征收污染税能将这个成本内部化,
The price mechanism would work once more, as the tax encouraged the factory s managersto reduce pollution to socially optimal levels.
于是价格机制再一次生效,因为税收能迫使工厂管理者将污染物的排放减少到社会最优水平。
Mr Coase s work suggested another answer.
科斯的成果又暗示了另一个结论。
In the world of theory, without transaction costs, no government intervention would beneeded to address externalities.
理论上说,如果没有交易成本,就不需要政府干预来强调外部性。
The factory owners and the residents could work out side-payments on their own.
工厂拥有者跟居民他们自己就能达成赔偿协议,
Residents might pay the factory to emit less or the factory might pay the town for leeway topollute more.
居民能弥补工厂,让他们少排放,工厂也能赔偿给居民,使自己多排放,
Either way an efficient outcome should result without government help. This Panglossianview became known as the Coase Theorem.
其中任一有效的办法都不需要政府的帮助。这种趋于至善的观点就变成了科斯理论。
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