Poor relations

　　牵强的联系

　　New theories of poverty were also overturning received notions of why the poor stayed poor.The fault had long been placed at their door: the poor were variously lazy, prone toalcoholism and incapable of disciplined work. Such tropes are still occasionally heardtoday, but the horrors of the Depression in the 1930s led many to re-evaluate the idea thatpoverty was mainly the result of peoples own actions. Advances in economic modelsmeanwhile allowed policymakers to see how low levels of education, health and nutritioncould keep people stuck in penury. Policies to subsidise education or health care weredesirable not merely for their own sake but also because they would help people break outof poverty.

　　新的贫困理论同样也颠覆了人们长久以来对穷人深陷贫穷原因的认知。一直以来都认为穷人是咎由自取：穷人想方设法偷懒，容易酗酒并且不能从事要求纪律性的工作。今天这些陈词滥调依然不时的喧嚣尘上，但是1930年代经济大萧条期间的惨况使一些人重新审视了贫困主要是人自身行为的恶果这一个观念。同时，经济学模型不断完善，使得决策者们认识到低水平的教育、健康和营养是如何使人们陷入贫困难以自拔。补贴教育和医保的政策能够得以执行不单单是因为自身的缘故，同样还因为这政策能够帮助人们摆脱贫困。

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