金融公司严格的监管制度意味着许多公司许多坚持小利基的公司要绕过银行监管的局限。点对点借贷不提供给债权人存款保证或者直接取钱的便利。其他的公司像Holvi,一个位于芬兰提供集体账户的初创公司,只提供存款,但不能借贷。而像Wonga这样能借贷的公司则不能存款。
Creating a financial-tech company is arduous. Whereas it takes less than a day to register acompany in Britain, it takes months or years and can cost millions to get authorised as abank. The number of new banks started over the past decade can almost be counted onone hand. Even those that have started, such as Metro Bank or Aldermore, are penalised byregulation: rules on capital favour large and complex firms. In America the Dodd-Frank Actis an imposing barrier to all but the biggest firms. And regulation is closing in on someexisting firms. M-Pesa has struggled to grow much beyond Kenya, partly because authoritiesstand in its way. The market for remittances has been a hothouse for start-ups in Britain,partly because it was lightly regulated. Yet almost half the countrys money-transfer firmsmay be shut as banks close their accounts to comply with money-laundering rules.
创建一家金融科技公司很费力。在英国一家普通公司可能不到一天就注册完成了,而要是成立一家银行则有可能经历长达数月甚至数年的审批,而且可能要花费上数百万的费用。过去十年里成立的银行数量一只手就能数过来。即使是成立了的银行像Metro Bank和Aldermore,都被监管部门处罚过。关于资本的规定更有利于大型公司。在美国,多德弗兰克法案对所有非大型公司是一个障碍。对很多公司的监管很严。M-Pesa努力在肯尼亚之外发展,部分原因就是政府出面阻碍其发展。在英国,汇款市场在初创公司中很火,部分原因就是其监管相对较松。但是如果银行以违反洗钱规则关闭它们的账户,那么近一半的转帐公司将会关门大吉。
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