美国人比以前少开车了,他们在购买油耗更低的汽车。净进口的石油远低于2005年的高峰时期,也就意味着美国人把更多的钱花在昂贵的石油上面并停留在美国境内。大规模发展天然气意味着天然气价格开始大幅下降。再加上异常温和的冬季,家庭供暖开销也异常之低。今年一月份,消费者的能源产品支出份额在近50年中处于第二低位。虽然这些因素并不意味着美国能够独善其身,但它们确实表明了价格上涨的影响是有限的。
Europe is more exposed. European countries, which tax oil more heavily than America, havetypically seen a smaller impact on growth from changes in the oil price. But this time theymay be relatively more affected, because most economies are already stagnant orshrinking. Worse, Europes weakest peripheral economies are also some of the biggest netimporters. Greece, for instance, is highly dependent on imported energy, of which 88% isoil. Even the price rises to date will worsen the euro-zone recession; a big jump could spawna deep downturn and fracture the confidence of markets.
欧洲更明显。欧洲国家的石油税负比美国更重,通常可以看出油价的增长变化对其造成较小的影响。但这次他们可能相对更容易受影响,因为大部分经济体已经停滞或萎缩。更糟的是,欧洲最弱的边缘经济体中也有一些位于最大的石油净进口国之列。举例来说,希腊是个高度依赖能源进口的国家,而其中88%是石油。目前的价格上涨将进一步加剧欧元区衰退,一个大的跳跃就可能造成深刻的经济倒退并摧毁市场信心.
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