2015考研英语阅读迷途的欧洲_大学英语阅读

2015考研英语阅读迷途的欧洲

　　邻国葡萄牙也听得见信贷危机的声音。与去年同期相比，在今年第一季度，葡萄牙非财务公司银行贷款下滑了5%，家庭贷款下滑了3.6%。在葡萄牙的纾困计划中，条件之一就是将银行总贷款额减少至其资产的120%。避免再向外贷款是实现这一目标的最佳捷径。

　　Conditions are little better in Italy. The province of Varese, near Milan, is a manufacturingheartland: its factories make plastics, textiles and a range of engineering products. Oncefirms there griped about poor infrastructure and red tape; now the credit squeeze is theirmain complaint. The local bosses association says that 40% of firms were hit by loweredborrowing ceilings between January and March, and 15% were told to pay back loans. Banksturned down 45% of requests for new funding.

　　意大利的情况也不容乐观。毗邻米兰的瓦雷泽省，是意大利的一个制造业中心，这里的工厂主要生产塑料，纺织品和各种工业制造品。曾经，这里的公司老是埋怨基础设备落后，官僚风气严重;而现在，他们主要抱怨贷款紧缩。当地领导联盟表示，今年一至三月，有40%的公司因贷款上限下降受挫，银行要求15%的公司偿还贷款，并拒绝了45%的新贷款申请。

　　Those loans that are extended carry hefty interest rates, in part because highersovereign-borrowing costs have a knock-on effect on banks funding costs. Differences insovereign rates can be self-reinforcing, especially when German firms across the border arerivals. A marginal northern Italian company competing against an equal company inBavaria will go bust, says the boss of one bank. Then the cost of risk goes up and has to beshared by all the other small companies.