2015考研英语阅读暴风雨中的港口_大学英语阅读

2015考研英语阅读暴风雨中的港口

　　这一自由化进程使得葡萄牙港口发展得更好投资增加了其吞吐容量，生产力也得到了改善。里斯本技术大学的瑞马吉是和卡洛斯克鲁兹认为，如果葡萄牙想要在集装箱船业有效竞争的话，还需要采取更多的改进措施。

　　These ships keep on getting bigger. The bulkiest vessels can carry 14,000 twenty-footcontainersa cargo that would require a train 85km long if transported by rail.The result is huge economies of scale: the cost per container on an Asia-to-Europe trip hasfallen from around $1,000 to below $300, according to one study.

　　这些船变得越来越大。最大的船能够装载14000个两英尺长的集装箱若用铁路运输同样的货物得需要长85千米长的火车。这是巨大的规模经济的结果：据一项研究表明，亚洲至欧洲船运的单位集装箱成本已经从1000美元左右降至300美元以下了。

　　Big ships will stop at only four or five destinations in Europe, raising the stakes for portstrying to win their custom, according to Neil Davidson of Drewry Shipping Consultants. To lurethem, ports need deeper harbours and bigger cranes to unload the cargo. They also need tooffer an attractive onward route to final customers. This can be overland using trucks, or bysea if the port offers connections with lots of smaller ships. For Portugal, this meanscompeting to serve the cities of Seville and Malaga by lorry or train, or acting as a shippinghub by battling with rival ports in Spain and Morocco.