哈里森叙述道:19世纪中期,随着自由贸易浪潮的兴起,隔离检疫措施有了一些松动。一系列国际会议最终促使各国在1907年制定了首批国际卫生规程,旨在解决商业贸易难题。大西洋两岸的国家逐渐采用更完善的疾病情报工作和主动防御措施来代替隔离检疫行为。
But current quarantine regulations are not immune to politicisation, and it is in makingthis point that Mr Harrison s book is most illuminating, though this forms a small part of theoverall narrative. In defending biosecurity, governments have tended to reactdefensively to diseases like the H5N1 bird flu and mad-cow disease , disrupting notjust bilateral trade but international markets as well. For instance in the 2009 swine-flupandemic, Russia, China and others banned pork imports from North America and Mexicodespite protests by the World Trade Organisation and the European Union that there was noevidence the virus could travel in meat. Disease scares still provide an appealing cover fortrade protectionism.
但现行的隔离检疫规程仍然难免要受到政治化的影响。尽管哈里森在通篇叙述中对此着墨不多,但正是对这一方面的论述让本书极具启发性。在保护生物安全的时候,各国政府对于 H5N1 禽流感和疯牛病等疾病往往采取防御性的反应,不仅中断了双边贸易,还给国际市场带来了负面影响。比如,2009年猪流感大范围肆虐的时候,俄罗斯、中国等国家曾经禁止从北美和墨西哥进口猪肉尽管当时世界卫生组织和欧盟抗议称并没有证据表明猪流感病毒可以通过食用肉类传播。对疾病的恐慌仍然能够为贸易保护主义提供有利的掩护。
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