2015考研英语阅读公司透明度_大学英语阅读

2015考研英语阅读公司透明度

　　该组织去年的调查工作，公司报表中的透明度，涉及了全球105家最大的上市公司。调查衡量了三项指标。首先，公司内部杜绝贪腐规定与程序。其次，公司的组织结构透明度。再次，透明国际询问他们是否在每一个有自己公司运营的国家，都公开了，关于各项经济活动的详细财务报告，其中的信息包括公司付了多少税费和使用费给当地政府。

　　Most firms in the sample have strict rules barring bribery. The average score on this countwas 69%, up from 47% in 2009, the last time TI conducted a similar exercise. Many firmsalso disclose ample details about which holding company owns which subsidiary, and soforth. Of the 105 companies, 45 scored a perfect 100% for organisational transparency.

　　抽样样本中，大多数公司都有严格的规定，以用来禁绝行贿受贿。在这方面的平均得分是69%，较2009年，上一次透明国际进行同类调查时的数字 47%，上涨了不少。很多公司也披露了大量的，关与母公司与子公司控股情况等等方面的详细信息。而在105家公司中，有45家在组织结构透明度中得到了完美的100分。

　　On the third measure, however, most firms remained tight-lipped. This does not mean theyhave done anything illegal. Suppose a mining firm pays $10m to a government for a licenceto dig. The fee may be legitimate, but the government may wish to keep it secret, to make iteasier to embezzle. A company that is completely transparent may find it hard to win anymore contracts from dodgy governments, which, alas, control a lot of the world s naturalresources. Statoil, Norway s state-controlled oil-and-gas firm, was by far the best performer, yet it scored only 50% on this measure. More than a third of firms scored zero;the average was a meagre 4%.