随着汽车越来越省油,美国人也越来越少驾车出行。在2010年,他们行驶了不到三万亿英里,少于2006年的路程。虽然,更高的燃油效率能节省美国人的经济支出,少驾车也有利于改善美国的空气质量,但这对美国的高速公路和公共交通系统却可以说是一种灾难。
That is because federal funds, mostly derived from fuel-tax revenue, account for 22% of allhighway funding and 17% of mass-transit funding nationally . Fuel taxes go into the Highway Trust Fund , which was created in1956 to finance highway construction nationally. The HTF still spends most of its funds onhighway and bridge maintenance and construction, but in 1982 Congress created a MassTransit account within the HTF. Today 15.44 of every 18.4 cents in fuel-tax per gallon fundshighways, while 2.86 funds mass transit and 0.1 cents funds clean-up of leaking undergroundstorage tanks. And the HTF receives some revenue from taxes on truck tyres, diesel, and otherdriving-related sources, but most of its money comes from petrol taxes.
这是因为,大部分来源于燃油税收入的联邦基金支付22%的公路经费,和17%的全国公共运输经费。公路信托基金成立于1956年,通过征燃油税负担全国的公路建设。虽然公路信托基金现在大部份经费仍然花在高速公路和桥梁的养护和建设上,但是在1982年国会在其中新增了一项公共运输开支。如今,每加仑18.4美分的汽油税中就有15.44美分资助高速公路,2.86美分资助公共运输,还有0.1美分资助地下贮槽泄漏的清洁工作。同时公路信托基金还会通过对轮胎,柴油和其他相关资源征税来增加部分收入,但大部分资金还是来源于汽油税。
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