尽管出现了这些死刑案例,但这种自汉谟拉比法典即明令在册的刑罚在世界大多数国家都已消失。三分之二以上的国家在法律上或实践中废除了死刑。最新废除死刑的国家是西非国家贝宁。今年8月,贝宁宣布永久废除死刑。根据压力集团大赦国际的统计,仍在执行这种法律杀戮的国家从1995年的41个减为2010年的23个。中国、伊朗、朝鲜和也门执行了绝大多数死刑。自2007年以来,每年联大都以绝对且不断增加的多数票通过决议,要求废除死刑。欧洲实际上已经废除了死刑。今年,中国削减了适用死刑的罪名。
Yet for all the apparent momentum, capital punishment remains entrenched in the MiddleEast and north Africa, and in parts of Asia, notably China. Jacqueline Macalesher of Penal ReformInternational, a lobby group, thinks the Arab spring could be a new spur to abolition, thoughshe worries that executing political enemies may prove attractive in the short run.
尽管废死刑的势头很强,但中东、北非与亚洲部分地区仍坚持不愿放弃之。游说组织刑法改革国际的杰奎琳马卡莱舍尔认为,阿拉伯之春可能成为废除死刑的新动力,但她也担心,在短时间内,处决政治对手也可能颇有吸引力。
The other big exception is America, where two-thirds of states still have the death penalty. Aleading Republican candidate for the presidency, Rick Perry, is governor of Texas, the statethat uses it most. The state has carried out a record 236 executions in his nearly 11 years asgovernor. Mr Perry says he loses no sleep over it, and many voters feel the same.
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