情况并不都是惨不忍睹的。例如,德国较金融危机之前相比,如今失业率却相对较低。但是在大多数富裕国家,失业人口的比重较2009年顶峰时相比,尽管有所降低,但仍然居高不下,令人担忧,甚至一些国家随着恐惧的加深,会再次滑落到经济衰退时期。经济危机中人类所付出的代价主要有失业者们买账,他们的抑郁症状增加,离婚率上升,滥用物质,很多东西会使他们的一生误入歧途。
Worse, todays joblessness is a particularly dangerous sort. A disproportionate share of thoseout of work are young, and youth unemployment leaves more scars, in terms of lower futurewages and greater likelihood of future unemployment ). Joblessness is also becoming more chronic. InAmerica, famous for its flexible labour market, the average jobless spell now lasts 40 weeks,up from 17 in 2007. In Italy half of those without work have been so for more than a year.Long-term unemployment is harder to cure, as peoples skills atrophy and they becomedetached from the workforce. Its shadow lingers, reducing future growth rates, damagingpublic finances and straining social order for years to come.
更为糟糕的是,当今的失业是一个特别危险的因素。由于失业造成的分配不公摊在年轻人身上,考虑到未来的低工资和可能性较高的失业,年轻时期的失业情形留下了更深的伤疤。失业也正在变得极重难返。以灵活市场就业出名的美国如今平均失业时间会持续40个周,与2007年的17个周相比有所上升。在意大利,一半的失业者遭遇这种情形不止一年。由于人们的技术会不断萎缩,而他们又变得与世隔绝,所以长期的失业很难治愈。阴影未来的经济增长率有所下降、公共财政遭到损坏及未来的社会秩序变的歪曲挥之不去。
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