A GOOD way to make yourself unpopular at dinnerparties is to point out that a typical person is, froma microbiologists perspective, a walking, talking Petri dish. An extraordinary profusion ofmicroscopic critters inhabit every crack and crevice of the typical human, so many that theyprobably outnumber the cells of the body upon and within which they dwell.
一个让你自己在晚宴上不受欢迎的好方式就是,从微生物学家的角度指出,一位有代表性的人就是一个会走动并会说话的皮氏培养皿。每位有代表性的人的裂纹和缝隙里生活着无数的微小生物,它们的数目如此之多可能超过它们所依靠并栖息的人体细胞。
Happily, these microbes are mostly harmless. Some of them, particularly those that live in thegut, are positively beneficial, helping with digestion and keeping the intestines in goodworking order. That is no surprisebacteria as much as people have an interest in keepingtheir homes in sound condition. What is surprising is the small but growing body of evidencewhich suggests that bacteria dwelling in the gut can affect the brain, too, and therebyinfluence an individuals mood and behaviour. The most recent paper on the topic, publishedthis week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reports on results in mice.
幸运地是,这些微生物大部分都是无害的。其中一些,特别是那些生活在消化道里的微生物,实际上是有益的,不仅有助于消化还保持肠道良好的工作秩序。这毫不奇怪细菌和人一样也喜欢保持家园状态完好。奇怪的是,虽然数量不多,但越来越多的证据表明,生活在肠道的细菌也可能影响大脑,继而影响个人的情绪和行为。本周有关该主题的论文刊登在《美国国家科学院院刊》的一篇文章报道了应用小鼠的实验结果。
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