在经济景气的年份,这种对金钱贪得无厌的胃口让人厌烦。而在目前中产阶级收入缩水、学生为找一份好工作绞尽脑汁之际,这种胃口简直是让人愤怒。因此也就有了一阵对高等教育的重新思考。大学是不是非要如此昂贵呢?最近,俄克拉荷马州立大学的 Vance Fried完成了一个迷人的思维实验。提供第一流的本科教育仅花费6700美元,而非公立研究型大学收取的25900美元或私立研究型大学收取的 51500美元,这是否可能?Vance Fried认为答案是肯定的。
Mr Fried shunned easy solutions. He insisted thatstudents should live in residential colleges, just asthey do at Harvard and Yale. He did not suggestgetting rid of football stadiums or scrimping on bed-and-board.
Vance Fried回避了简单的解决方案。他认为学生应当在寄宿制大学学习生活正如哈佛和耶鲁现在那样。他并没有建议去掉足球场或者节省膳宿费用。
His cost-cutting strategies were as follows. First,separate the funding of teaching and research.Research is a public good, he reasoned, but there isno reason why undergraduates should pay for it. Second, increase the student-teacher ratio.Business and law schools achieve good results with big classes. Why not other colleges? MrFried thinks that universities will be able to mix some small classes with big ones even if theyhave fewer teachers. Third, eliminate or consolidate programmes that attract few students.Fourth, puncture administrative bloat. The cost of administration per student soared by 61%in real terms between 1993 and 2007. Private research universities spend $7,000 a year perstudent on administrative support: not only deans and department heads but alsopsychologists, counsellors, human-resources implementation managers and so on. That ismore than the entire cost of educating a student under Mr Frieds scheme.
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