但并非失败或脆弱的政权就该这样。这个月世界银行发布了一份清单:它将国家分为富裕、中等、贫穷几个级别。好几个非洲国家的状况比索马里好:它们脱离贫穷了。然而令人惊讶的是,在56个收入属于中等偏低的国家里,大约有15个被经合组织列为政权不稳。从科特迪瓦到也门都属于这一行列,其中最重要的是巴基斯坦和尼日利亚。似乎政权衰败并不总是与人类其它灾难例如贫穷共进退。
Why should it matter that a group of countries has crossed some arbitrary line separatingpoor from middle-income status? Perhaps, some may say, it shows that state failure is anextremely elastic term, embracing both countries in total collapse and thosewhich merely contain large ungoverned spaces. In fact, the emergence of a group of middle-income but failed or fragile states is more than a curiosity. The groupcall them MIFFsincludes countries crucial to the future of west Africa and South Asia. The new state ofSouth Sudan , which combines oil wealth with instability and underdevelopment, will surely joinits ranks.
为什么一些不贫穷的国家也表现出贫穷国家的一些特征呢?有人也许会说,这反映了政权衰败是一个很灵活的用语,既包括哪些完全分崩瓦解的国家,也包括那些有大半领地处于无政府管辖的国家。确实,这些不贫穷但政权衰弱的国家的存在显得很怪。这些国家中,有些对西非和南亚的未来发展很关键。石油为苏丹南部的新政权带来财富,但那里依旧属于欠发达地区,并且不稳定。毫无疑问,它将会加入这一行列。
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