8. 根据定义关系:定义句的谓语动词多为be, mean, be considered, refer to, be called, be known as等。
例如:
Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.
根据是用来描述人类社会的科学研究的术语的定义,可知sociology是社会学之意。
9. 根据所举实例:一般由for example, such as, like等来表示举例。
例如:
Many United Nations employees are polyglot. Ms White, for example, speaks six languages.
由所举实例,不难推出polyglot的意思是懂多种语言的。
10. 根据同义关系:根据生词所处语境中的同义或近义词的意思来推测它的意思。
例如
Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.
由语境可知, detrimental与harmful同义,意为不利的,有害的。
11. 根据转换说法:插入语that is, that is to say, in other words以及namely, i.e., or等都可以用来对前面的内容进行解释,意为也就是说、即。
例如:
The cinema is only open to adults, i.e. people over 18.
根据people over 18可知,adult是成年人之意。
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