四六级阅读的每日一练：第15篇_大学英语阅读

四六级阅读的每日一练：第15篇

　　Modern teaching theories and methods vary greatly, but they frequently reflect the influence of John Dewey, an important twentieth-century educator and philosopher. Dewey believed that education should be more concerned with the interests and needs of each child than with the particular subjects that the child is taught. Today many teachers try to give considerable attention to the personal development of each individual student, especially at the elementary school level.

　　Entrance to high school is automatic when a student completes elementary school. No examinations are required. High schools usually offer courses in English literature and composition, the social sciences, mathematics, laboratory sciences, and foreign languages as well as art, music, and physical education. After completing certain basic requirements, students are often permitted to choose the subjects that best suit their plans for college or for work after graduation.

　　Extracurricular activities including clubs, school newspapers and magazines, and sports are important features of high-school life. In addition, student representatives, elected by their fellow students, often work with school officials in planning school policies. This arrangement is an effort to encourage students interest in self-government and in their responsibilities as citizens.

　　Most high schools are organized on what is called a comprehensive basis, which means that programs in academic , vocational, and general education are offered in the same school. In some large cities specialized high schools concentrate on just one type of program. In addition, many communities provide programs for handicapped children and children who are specially gifted, intellectually or artistically.