Chinese Americans today have higher incomesthan Americans in general and higher occupational status. The Chinese have risen to this positiondespite some of the harshest discrimination and violence faced by any immigrants to the UnitedStates in the history of this country. Long confined to a narrow range of occupations they succeeded inthose occupations and then spread out into otherareas in later years, when opportunities finally opened up for them. Today much of the Chinese prosperity is due to the simple fact that they work more and have more education than others. Almost one out of five Chinese families has three or more incomeearners compared to one out of thirteen for Puerto Ricans, one out of ten among AmericanIndians, and one out of eight among Whites. When the Chinese advantages in working andeducational are held constant, they have no advantage over other Americans. That is in aChinese Family with a given number of people working and with a given amount of education bythe head of the family, the income is not only about average for such families, and offer a littleless than average.
While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns arepockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans ingeneral. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the ChineseAmericans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values andhave added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent HongKong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles inHong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in theAmerican economy. Foreign-born Chinese men in the United States are one-fourth lowerincomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United Statesan average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment andantisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatowncauses the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.
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