In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

　　1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____.

　　A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards

　　B) the appropriate amount of external rewards

　　C) the study of relationship between actions and

　　D) the effects of external rewards on students performance

　　2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students?

　　A) They approve of external rewards.

　　B) They dont think external rewards.

　　C) They have doubts about external rewards.

　　D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students.

　　3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?

　　A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them.

　　B) Always promise rewards.

　　C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.

　　D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.

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