4)举例(Exemplification):即在生词后面用一个例子加以解释,我们从例子的含义可以推知生词的意思。
The author mentions the example of backpacks to show the importance of __________.
A) increasing usage among students
B) exploring new market sections
C) pleasing the young as well as the old
D) serving both military and civil needs
The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?
【解析】文章提到后肩背包的例子是为了说明 market modification 和 marketing managers look for new users and market sections 。所以答案应为B)。
5)比较与对比。
例一
Nowadays some young people are not thrifty, since they often waste money on useless things.
用对比法可知 thrifty 表示 节俭的 。
例二
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.
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