文章剖析: 这篇文章介绍了关于拜占庭文化的一些成见和拜占庭文化的价值。第一、二段讲述由于一些历史评价原因,拜占庭文化没有得到应有的评判;第三、四段讲述Herin对拜占庭文化的研究和肯定;第五段讲述当下研究拜占庭的学者开始进行研究的契因;第六段讲述拜占庭文化被低估了,以及目前存在的新旧两种看法。 词汇注释: despicable adj. 卑劣的, 卑鄙的 bulwark n. 壁垒 catalyst n. 催化剂 Hellentic adj. 希腊的 dogmatism n. 教条主义 discernible adj.可辨别的 pious adj. 虔诚的 quinquennial adj. 每五年的 fresco v. 作壁画于 pedagogue n. 卖弄学问的人 难句突破: Judith Herrin, a professor at Kings College London, sets out to show that there are far better reasons to study and admire the civilisation that flourished for more than a millennium before the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, and whose legacy is still discernible all over south-east Europe and the Levant. Judith Herrin sets out to show that 这是一个复合句,宾语从句比较复杂;在宾语从句中,that引导的定语从句和whose引导的定语从句都用来修饰the civilisation。 伦敦国王学院教授Judith Herrin表示拜占庭文明值得研究和敬仰,拜占庭文明在1453年被君士坦丁堡征服之前已经兴盛了一个多世纪,其遗迹在整个东南欧洲和累范特还是可以看出来的。 But it is a reasonable bet that, whatever they ultimately studied, these scholars were first drawn to the Byzantine world by gazing in wonder at an icon or a frescoed church rather than by perusing the pages of Anna Komnene. But it is a reasonble bet that these scholars were 这是一个复合句,主语从句比较复杂;在该从句中whatever 是状语, 从句的主体为these sholars were drawn to by rather than by 但是不管这些学者的最后研究内容是什么,一个比较理性的观点就是他们一开始都是因为看到雕像或画有壁画的教堂才被拜占庭吸引的,而不是因为细读了Anna Komnene的文字。 题目分析: 1. Modern observers and defenders do not highly praise Byzantium s culture because_____ 1. 现代观赏者和拥护者对拜占庭文化没有高度赞誉是因为_____ the civilisations of the empire were short of universalism or cultural breadth. 这个帝国的文明缺乏普适性和文化宽度。 William Lecky, who is the leading figure of the Byzantium s study, depreciated the culture of Byzantium greatly. 拜占庭研究的领军人物William Lecky贬低拜占庭的文化。 criticisms against the Byzantium in the history biased people. 历史上针对拜占庭的批评让人们产生了偏见。 Byzantium s culture was completely devastated in the 18th and 19th centuries. 拜占庭文化在18世纪和19世纪的时候受到了彻底的毁灭。。 C ☆☆☆ 推理题。文章第一段提到虽然拜占庭近来评级上升,但是18、19世纪对它的批评一直有影响,因此人们对它有偏见;从文章其他部分可以看出,拜占庭文明实际上是很辉煌的,因此这只是一种偏见而已。选项中C最为符合题意。A选项的 universalism or cultural breadth 对应于文章第一段的第一句话,但原句的意思是 并不是所有的现代观赏拜占庭的人都愿意将这个博斯普鲁斯海峡的城市和普世或文化宽容联系起来 ,显然是与选项表述有出入的。B的错误在于William Lecky只是一个拜占庭研究的学者,文章没有提到他是一个领军人物。D选项明显错误,拜占庭文化从来没有被彻底毁灭过。 2. The example by Herrin in the third paragraph may prove that _____ 2. 第三段中Herrin举的例子证明了_____ the civilisation of Byzantium is worth of studying and admiring. 拜占庭文明值得研究和崇拜。 Byzantium s civilization had flourished a much longer time than people usually perceive it and such influence has been neglected. 拜占庭文化的兴起比人们普遍认可的时期要长得多,这种影响都被人们忽略了。 To some extent, it is not necessary to relate Byzantium the city with the whole empire s public discourse and theology. 在某种程度上,拜占庭这个城市和整个帝国的公共言论以及神学没有必然的联系。 The Jewish communities actually had made great contribution to Byzantium, which is against the conventional view of the study. 犹太人团体实际上为拜占庭做出了很大贡献,这与传统研究的观点是相反的。 C ☆☆☆☆ 推理题。文章第三段Herrin的例子中,尽管该帝国的意识形态是反犹太的,但是没有30多个犹太社团的作用,其经济就得不到发展。结合上文,拜占庭摆脱了官方意识形态的束缚,那么可以看出,这个例子是为了说明这一点的,其中该选项中 public discourse and theology 可以视为是对文章中 official ideology 这个词组的解读或解释。因此选项C为正确答案。而其余几项都不是这个例子直接要说明的问题。 3. Which one of the following statements is NOT true of the academic conferent on Byzantium? 3. 关于拜占庭学术会议,下列哪个陈述是错误的? The scholars were only interested in studying icons or frescoes in Byzantium. 学者们只对拜占庭的雕像和壁画感兴趣。 The success of this conference proves the study on Byzantium is in vogue. 这次会议的成功证明了拜占庭研究是热点。 Scholars were drawn to Byzantium civilisation by its art at the very beginning . 学者们最开始是被拜占庭的艺术吸引的。 Scholars showed less interest in the literature of Byzantium. 学者们对拜占庭文学兴趣不大。
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