7)根据因果关系猜测词义
在句子或段落种,若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。
例如:Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
根据原因状语从句的内容,我们可以推断出生词autocratic指 独断专行的 。
There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.
此句为结果状语从句。根据从句的描书 许多示威者 我们便可推知elbow的词义为 挤,挤过 。
8)根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境推断生词词义。
例如:
Just before the exam Carls hands shook and sweated so much that he could not hold a pen. His heart beat fast and his stomach ached, even though he knew the subject very well. He really had a strange phobia about taking test.
有些学生也曾有上文中所表述的考试时是紧张状态,所以很容易就能猜出 phobia 指 恐惧症 。
2. 外部相关因素
外部相关因素是指篇章以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。
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