句5:唐朝通过科举制度在全国选出优秀的儒家文人为政府效力,而唐朝的政府体系在儒学官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
此句结构较为复杂,翻译时,首先理清句子主干:唐朝的政府体系日臻完善。前半句可以处理成一个非谓语动词做原因状语的形式,即Served by, serve 本意为服务,也可作效力讲,与逻辑主语the government system of Tang Dynasty是动宾关系,故用过去分词形式;而其中再嵌套一个后置定语selected through来修饰Confucian literati;在的支持下译为under the support of。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic.
句6:公元8世纪中期,唐朝势力开始衰落。
译:By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
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