The reasons for this phenomenon are various. On the one hand, a few years ago colleges and universities enrolled so many students in popular majors, such as economy, finance and so on that the number of graduates was greater than the need in the market. On the other hand, most graduates would rather stay in large cities without suitable job to do than go to the country.

　　I think the problem can be solved if both colleges and students take measures. First, they should research the market and develop special skills to suit its need. Second, students attitude towards employment should be changed. They should go to some small cities and country. There they can also give full play to their professional knowledge. In a word, if we pay much attention, the problem can be solved.

　　参 考 译 文

　　1)

　　在绝大多数大学里，考试都是作为衡量学生是否掌握某一课程的主要手段。虽然考试这一工作做的比较有效，但其副作用也相当大。

　　首先，考试造成教学水平下降。由于教师的好坏往往根据学生考试的结果来判断，所以教师被迫训练学生的应试技巧。而几乎没有什么课程是仅仅通过教授应试技巧可以教好的。其次，考试最坏的副作用是使学生养成不良的学习习惯。由于考试分数是衡量学生学习好坏的唯一标准，学生只能被迫机械的死记硬背，而不是创造性的去思考。

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