1) 宾语从句中:He said he had read the book several times.
2) 状语从句中:When we arrived at the cinema, the film had begun.
3) 由by引导的时间状语句中:He had completed all the college courses by 15 years of age.
错:We had finished the task yesterday.
对:We finished the task yesterday. 或We had finished the task by yesterday.
要点:by 是过去完成时的标志词。
分清现在完成时、过去时、过去完成时的区别是英语时态学习的重点。
n 过去将来时:用来表述过去一个时间点以后的事情,其方向正好与过去完成时相反,如:
He said he would come to the meeting personally.
n 一般将来时和将来完成时:记住上面一句话: by 是将来完成时的标志词。
比较:
The world population will be over 6.5 billion in 2050.
The world population will have been over 6.5 billion by 2050.
其他的时态,如过去进行时,将来进行时等,只要把握好时间状语,一般比较容易理解,这里不再举例。
语态:表示行为的主动或被动,即:to do something 还是to be done
语态始终是英语语法的一个考点,只有及物动词才有被动语态。但要区分动词的及物和不及物不是靠几个讲座能解决的,要注意观察,特别是对本节第二句型和第五句型中提到的有关问题要反复思考。
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