In 2000, 32 percent of US oil, 35 percent of natural gas, and 37 percent of coal were produced from federal lands, representing 20, 000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percentof undiscovered natural gas.

Revenues from federal oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999, for example,＄553 milqon in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury, and non-India coal leases accounted for over $ 304 million in revenues, of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year, federal land managers authorize rights of way for transmission lines, rail systems, pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production and use.

Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy production, though the amount is still significant. For example, federal geothermal (地热)resources produce about 7.5 billion kilowatt-hours (千瓦时) of electricity per year, 47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2, 960 wind turbines on public lands in california alone, producing electricity for about 300, 000 people. Federal hydropower facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.

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