The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking.

They also found that unfit people tended to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive1 skills.

The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping2 protect the brain against ageing and also aiding it replace dying cells.

This might reduce the risk of debilitating3 illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer's.

Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results.

Mice, examined at the National Institute on Aging, in Baltimore, found that cells in the hippocampus, an area of the brain used for memory, were actively4 reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.

Linda Clare, professor of clinical psychology5 of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times: 'Moderate-intensityaerobic6 activity such as brisk walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.'

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