Picasso’s mural, Guernica, is enormous. It measures approximately 11’ X 25’ feet (349 cm × 776 cm) and has a stunning physical presence. Just as tragic news reports and photos appeared in newsprint, the mural is limited to monochromatic tones of black, white, and gray. The viewer is overwhelmed by the drama; there is no escape from facing the horror.
Picasso fills the wide rectangular canvas with abstracted human and animal forms. The chaos and panic of the bomb scene is shown in flat, Cubist planes. Animals and humans are reduced to simple, angular shapes that increase the tension and frantic movement. Body parts are disjointed from violent destruction. Facial features are distorted in pain. Figures are shown from multiple perspectives. The viewer is aware of all aspects of their suffering. No matter their pose, the dead and living communicate their situation with a pair of eyes. The viewer is overwhelmed by the carnage; there is no escape from seeing the horror.
Guernica is filled with a variety of characters. Picasso carefully organizes the suffering and chaos around a central triangle. A fallen warrior forms the base of the triangle, his severed arm holds a broken sword. A horse, with a spear in her side, shrieks in agony and forms the top of the triangle. Above the horse is an electric light bulb, a reference to bombs, and perhaps a negative reference to technology. From the far right, a woman rushes into scene with hands open to help, but is weary from the struggle. Above her, a frightened woman leans out a window with a candle to light the scene with a flicker of hope.
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