Ⅲ.任务型阅读
(2015·江苏沭阳五校联考)Quality afterschool programs are designed to improve academic performance, decrease youth crimes and other highrisk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults.
The effect of quality afterschool programs on academic performance is clear. Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to blame. Afterschool programs also influence highrisk teen behavior.Various studies show decreased rates of crime, drugtaking, and teen sex among youth who join in wellrun afterschool programs when compared to similar youth who do not. Finally, afterschool programs play an important role in supporting different kinds of fields of development: physical development, mental development and social development. Thus, one can safely say that afterschool programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.
Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that afterschool programs can make a positive difference, it is important to note that not all programs are equal. First, dosage matters — young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time. Next, afterschool programs make a bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices. Finally, program qualities matter. Afterschool programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youth. They should provide opportunities, skill building meaningful involvement, expression suggestion, service, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youth as partners, create safe and fair environment, encourage personalized involvement, and actively create learning opportunities. In short, although afterschool programs have a promising future, how they are designed and run matters.
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