Hollywood movies，many historical figures also found time to create something useful.

　　Abraham Lincoln

　　Abraham Lincoln is the only president to hold a U. S. patent. In 1849, he designed a device(装置〉that cofild be attached to the aides of a boat and used to lift the boat over shallow sections of a river. Lincoln even built a wooden model，but while he received his patent, the invention was never put into use.

　　Albert Einstein

　　In 1926, Einsiein was inspired to design a refrigerator after reading a news stoiy about a Berlin family who had been killed by poisonous gas leaking from iheir fridge. Einstein received a patent for the fridge in 1930 and recent research suggests that similar coolers might be an eco-friendly alternative to modern refrigerators that use Freon(氟利昂）.

　　Roald Dahl

　　Though many people know that he was a famous author of children，s books such as uCharlie and the Chocolate Factory”，Roald Dahl lived a varied life. His interest in medicine came after a car accident which left his son with “water on the brain”. He helped to develop a device to ease his child’s suffering. The device was put into production in 1962 and was later used to treat some 3，000 children worldwide.

　　Hed Lamarr

　　Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler一better known by her stage name Hedy Laman一became famous for starring in Hollywood films. In the 1940s，she pioneered a new method of a technique for disguising radio transmissions. Other inventors later expanded on her groundbreaking ideas, and similar systems to her “Secret Communications System” are used in everything from communications satellites to mobile phones.

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