不久他就要出国。 The result of the exam will come out before long. 考试结果不久就会出来。 I had heard of him long before I came here. 早在我来这儿很久以前我就听说过他的情况。 即境活用19 He had studied a lot of English ________ he went to England. A.soon beforeB.long before C.before longD.soon after [解析]long before 在……之前很久。 [答案]B 2.She turned round and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her. 她转过身来,看到一头羚羊带着忧郁的神情望着她。 (1)此处 with a sad face looking at her 为“with + 复合宾语”作定语。 (2)“with + 复合结构”在句中多作状语,也可以作定语。此结构中常见的宾语补足语形式有: (1)v.ing 形式 (2)过去分词 (3)形容词 (4)副词 (5)介词短语 (6)动词不定式 (7)名词 ①With winter coming on, it's time to buy warm clothes. 冬天来了,该买暖衣了。(with + n.+ doing) ②With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily. 买了所需要的所有东西后,她高兴地回家了。(with + n. + done) ③She slept with the windows open. 她开着窗子睡着了。(with + n. + adj.) ④He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。(with + n. + adv.) ⑤The teacher came with a book in his hand. 老师来了,手里拿着一本书。(with + n. + 介词短语) ⑥With nothing to do, Tom sleeps at home. 由于无事可做,汤姆在家睡觉。(with + pron. + to do) ⑦Lu Xun fought against his enemy, with a pen—his only weapon. 鲁迅用一支笔——他仅有的武器,同敌人作斗争。(with + n. + n.) 即境活用20 With her husband ________ beside her, she was watching a TV play. A.sittingB.to sit C.satD.sit [解析]with sb. doing sth. 有……在干某事。 [答案]A 3.There has been some progress in saving endangered wildlife in China. 中国在保护濒危野生动植物方面取得了一些进步。 句中使用的是 There be 句型的现在完成时,该句型中可以使用多种时态,也可以使用各种情态动词包括其完成式。 There will be/be going to be... 将有…… There must be... 肯定有…… There can't be... 不可能有…… There may be... 可能有…… There used to be... 曾经有过…… There must/may have been... 肯定/可能已经有过…… There ought to be... 应该有…… There be likely to be... 可能有…… There happen to be... 碰巧有…… There appear/seem to be... 似乎有…… There used to be an ancient church at the end of the street. 街道尽头曾经有过一座教堂。 There may be/is likely to be a foreign film at the school cinema this evening. 今晚电影院可能有一场外国电影。 There can be no doubt about this case. 这件事情毫无疑问。 【思维拓展】 (1)除了 be 以外,某些表示存在概念的不及物动词如 stand/lie/live/rise/come/occur/happen/remain/exist 等,也可以用于 there be 句型。 There lived a famous country doctor, but he went abroad later. 这里曾有一位著名的乡村医生,不过后来他出国了。 There lies a lowprice hospital at the foot of the hill, which is popular with the local peasants. 山脚下有一座平价医院,深受当地农民的欢迎。 (2)There be 句型可以与非谓语形式连用,在句中用作主语和状语。 There being a bad lack of money, we had to put off building this special school. 因为缺乏资金,我们只好推迟建这所特殊学校。 There being a bus stop nearby is a great convenience. 附近有个汽车站是很方便的。 4.affect vt. 影响;感动;侵袭 The rise in prices will affect all classes. 物价的上涨将使各阶层的人都受到影响。 The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight. 那个疾病逐渐侵袭她的视力。 be (deeply) affected by 被……(深深地)打动;使悲伤 【易混辨析】 affect/effect/influence (1)affect 一般用作动词有多种含义:对事物的变化产生影响;对某事物产生不好的影响;用作引申义,指引起某人的感情波动,意为“使……感动”。 (2)effect 一般用作名词,指由某种原因直接产生的结果。 effect 作动词时意为“实现”。 (3)influence 多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响,或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。 I was too much affected to answer. 我感动得无言以对。 Punishment almost had no effect on the naughty boy. 惩罚对那个顽皮的男孩几乎不起作用。 The book had a great influence on her life. 这本书对她的生活影响很大。 即境活用4 (2012·安徽舒城期中考试)The people all over the world were deeply ________ by the news that Steve Jobs, the founder and former CEO of Apple, died on Oct 5. A.effectedB.attacked C.affectedD.attained [解析]affected by... 受……影响。 [答案]C 5.appreciate vt.鉴赏;感激 I appreciated his help when we moved. 我很感激他在我们搬家时所给予的帮助。 I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down. 如果你把音乐关小一些,我将不胜感激。 appreciate (doing) sth. 感激做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激 appreciation n. 感激 【易错提示】 (1)appreciate 后接v.ing形式。 (2)其后只能接“事”作宾语,而不能接“人”作宾语(注意:这与 thank 的用法恰恰相反)。 (3)其后不直接跟 if 或 when 引导的从句,若语义上需要接这类从句,需借助 it。 即境活用5 (2012·湖北八校联考一)Thanksgiving Day offers the Americans an opportunity to join in a spirit of fellowship and express ________ for the year's bonuses and blessings. A.considerationB.resolution C.appreciationD.reflection [解析]appreciation 感激。句意:感恩节给美国人提供了一个机会表达他们对一年红利和赐福的感激。 resolution 重新解决;considerations 考虑; reflection 反映,思考。 [答案]C 6.succeed vi. 成功 vt. 接替;继任 I'm sure you'll succeed if you work hard. 你只要努力,我肯定你会成功的。 China succeeded in launching ShenzhouⅧ on November 1,2011. 2011年11月1日中国成功发射神舟8号卫星。 Gingrich will succeed Foley as speaker of the House. 金里奇将接替福利担任众议院议长。 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 succeed sb. as sth. 作为/担任……接替某人 【思维拓展】 success n. 成功,成就;成功的人或事 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv.成功地 be successful in sth. 在某事上取得成功 即境活用6 If you want to ________ your job, you will have to make ________ for it. A.succeed to change; prepare B.succeed in changing; preparations C.succeed of changing; a preparation D.successful in; ready [解析]succeed in doing sth.成功做某事;make preparations for 为……作准备。 [答案]B 7.employ vt. 雇用;利用(时间、精力等) The company employs 2,000 people worldwide. 这家公司在全世界雇用了2,000名员工。 Dave is employed as a baggage handler at the airport. 戴夫受雇在机场做行李搬运工。 Her spare time is employed in gardening and voluntary work. 她的业余时间全花在搞园艺和做义工上了。 employ sb. as... 雇用某人担任…… employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 be employed in (doing) sth. 忙于某事,从事于某事 【思维拓展】 employer n.雇主 employee n. 雇员,受雇者 employment n.职业,工作,使用 即境活用7 It is said that he ________ in a computer company since graduation. A.has employedB.has been employed C.had employedD.is employed [解析]since... 状语出现,主句与现在完成时连用。 [答案]B 8.harm n. & vt. 损害;危害 Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside. 现代的耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。 Criticizing people's work often does more harm than good. 批评别人的工作往往弊多利少。 do sb. harm 对某人有害 do harm to sth. 对某物有害 do more harm than good 弊大于利 【思维拓展】 harmful adj. 有害的;致伤的 harmless adj.无害的,不致伤的,无恶意的 即境活用8 Smoking does great ________ to your health.A.troubleB.destruction C.difficultyD.harm [解析]do harm to 对……有害。 [答案]D 9.apply vi. & vt. 申请;应用,适用 This rule cannot be applied to every case. 这项规则不是所有的情况都适用。 Students should apply themselves to their study. 学生们应该专心致志地学习。 He applies to the consul for a visa. 他向领事申请签证。 What I have said does not apply to you. 我说的话和你无关。 apply to sb. 和某人有关;适用于某人 apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请…… apply... to... 把……运用于…… apply for sth. 申请 apply oneself to (doing) sth.=be applied to (doing) sth. 专心于 即境活用9 (2012·沈阳二中月考)—Thanks. I know how to handle this problem with your directions. —But do remember that this rule cannot be ________ to every case. A.appliedB.referred C.drawnD.thrown [解析]apply to 适用于。答句句意:—但是务必记住这条规则不能适用于每一种情况。 [答案]A 10.suggest vt. 建议;表明,暗示 I suggest trying it once more. 我建议再试一次。 I suggested that he (should) not do it today. 我建议他今天先不要做。 Her expression suggested that she was angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 suggest doing 建议做某事 It is suggested that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人该做某事 suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人该做某事 make a suggestion 提建议 on/at sb's suggestion 根据某人的建议 suggestion 的同位语从句,和 suggest (建议)引导的宾语从句一样,要求谓语动词使用(should) do 形式。 【易错提示】 suggest that... 中的 that 从句并非总用虚拟语气:表示“建议做某事”,用虚拟语气;表示“暗示,表明……”,则不用虚拟语气。 即境活用10 (2012·陕西师大附中期中考试)The results of the medical checkup suggested that my father ______in poor health, so the doctor suggested that he ________ smoking and take more exercise. A.was; gave upB.be; should give up C.should be; gave upD.was; give up [解析]第一空前的suggest意为“表明”,其后的宾语从句用陈述语气;第二空前的suggest意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气, should do, should 可以省略,故D项正确。句意:医疗检查表明我父亲健康状况很糟糕,因此医生建议他戒掉烟,多锻炼。 [答案]D 11.respond vi.回答;响应;做出反应 Clive responded to my suggestion with a laugh. 克利夫对我提的建议报以一笑。 She never responded to my letter. 她从来没给我回过信。 【易混辨析】 respond,reply与answer respond 是不及物动词,是正式用语,指“对号召(职责、请求等)作出自发性的适当反应”。 reply 较 answer 正式,但是不及物动词,后跟介词 to 连用。answer 是及物动词,是常用词,可指“口头/笔头回答”,甚至是“行动上的回答”
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