Previous research, for example, has shown that detailloaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say, “Did you drink juice at the picnic?” the child is likely to say
“yes” even if no juice had been available. It's not that the child is consciously lying. Rather, the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory.
To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only openended questions,
such as “What did you have at the picnic?” But an openended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question.
That is, children become likely to answer falsely.
And it isn't just a few kids: 77% of children gave at least one piece of false information when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture.
Gestures may also become more popular when talking with nonfluent language users, such as little kids, Broaders said, as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. “It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children.”
In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to “try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that don't reflect what actually happened.”
本文是一篇说明文。手势语在一定程度上会增加相互间的理解,然而,它也有消极的作用,即误导对方,尤其是会误导孩子。本文探索了其中的原因。
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